Arithmetic (from Ancient Greek ἀριθμός (arithmós) ´number´, and τική [τέχνη] (tikḗ [tékhnē]) ´art, craft´) is an elementary part of mathematics that consists of the study of the properties ...
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of the traditional operations on numbers—addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, exponentiation, and extraction of roots. In the 19th century, Italian mathematician Giuseppe Peano formalized arithmetic with his Peano axioms,[disputed – discuss] which are highly important to the field of mathematical logic today.